The factors to changes the properties of steel in the INDUCTION PROCESS

Induction Hardening is a heat treatment using an electric wave through an induction coil to change the properties or structure of carbon steel, giving it strength and wear resistance.

The factors involved are as follows:

1. Carbon content: Steel with a higher percentage of carbon content will have a higher chance of forming a martensite structure. In addition, other alloying elements such as nickel, chromium, and molybdenum also increase the hardenability by reducing the critical cooling rate. Steels for hardening and annealed have a carbon content of 0.25-0.60% and can be either unalloyed or low alloyed steels.

2. Stable heating temperature: Induction is the main principle for heating steel. The electrical frequency must distribute heat to the workpiece at a constant rate. 3. Cooling rate: The cooling rate required to obtain a martensite structure should not be lower than the critical cooling rate. Different cooling media will give different cooling rates, such as water and brine (water with a certain amount of sodium chloride or calcium chloride dissolved in it) will give a faster cooling rate than oil. In addition, agitation of the media is another way to increase the cooling rate. 4. Tempering: Tempering is the process of reheating steel by heating the workpiece in an oven until it reaches a high temperature, but lower than the temperature at which the steel changes. Heat until it reaches a certain time and then gradually reduce the temperature until it reaches room temperature. This increases softness and reduces internal stress. Tempering reduces brittleness. And reduce the chance of cracking and twisting. 5. Microstructure changes: This process starts with heating the steel to a temperature where the structure changes to austenite, leaving it in the furnace until a uniform austenite structure is obtained, and then cooling it at a rate fast enough to form a martensite structure, or a critical cooling rate, in order to obtain a uniform martensite structure.

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